Despite strong participation, the 4th China-CELAC Forum exposed Latin America’s diplomatic weakness and China’s narrative dominance. This article reviews Colombia’s BRI move, Beijing’s messaging, and regional disparities in foreign policy strategy.
Fentanyl trafficking positions Latin America as a key hub in the global supply chain, linking Chinese precursors to expanding regional criminal networks.
China and Nicaragua strengthen their media partnership with new cooperation projects in journalism training and bilateral communication.
The purpose of this study is to identify and track projects undertaken by major Chinese state-owned holdings in five Andean countries of South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, from 2000 to 2023. Nine state-owned holdings were selected based on their significant and extensive involvement in project implementation in these countries, and their clear alignment with the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) economic and political strategy in the region.
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